Local Data Search
A total of 376 results found. Show Results on Map.
| Rank | Population Growth Rate ▲ | City / Population |
| 1. | -90.00% | Pine Valley, NJ / 2 |
| 2. | -62.50% | Tavistock, NJ / 9 |
| 3. | -62.24% | Barclay, MD / 54 |
| 4. | -62.10% | Little Britain, PA / 83 |
| 5. | -61.76% | Worton, MD / 52 |
| 6. | -58.78% | Pike Creek, DE / 8,142 |
| 7. | -56.36% | Pomeroy, PA / 151 |
| 8. | -47.54% | Fairton, NJ / 1,182 |
| 9. | -46.80% | Leipsic, DE / 108 |
| 10. | -46.22% | Butlertown, MD / 356 |
| 11. | -45.28% | Georgetown, MD / 139 |
| 12. | -43.33% | Tolchester, MD / 259 |
| 13. | -42.12% | Seabrook Farms, NJ / 995 |
| 14. | -38.46% | Hartly, DE / 48 |
| 15. | -36.36% | Hancocks Bridge, NJ / 196 |
| 16. | -34.47% | Collegeville, PA / 5,263 |
| 17. | -34.36% | Hillsboro, MD / 107 |
| 18. | -32.61% | Woodside, DE / 124 |
| 19. | -30.19% | Collings Lakes, NJ / 1,205 |
| 20. | -29.81% | East Earl, PA / 1,088 |
| 21. | -28.57% | Edesville, MD / 145 |
| 22. | -28.36% | Farmersville, PA / 1,185 |
| 23. | -27.29% | Lima, PA / 2,345 |
| 24. | -26.34% | Pedricktown, NJ / 537 |
| 25. | -23.61% | Goldsboro, MD / 165 |
| 26. | -23.35% | Conestoga, PA / 1,103 |
| 27. | -22.63% | Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD / 2,411 |
| 28. | -21.05% | Refton, PA / 165 |
| 29. | -20.60% | Hi Nella, NJ / 817 |
| 30. | -20.18% | Brooklawn, NJ / 1,879 |
| 31. | -19.97% | Bryn Mawr, PA / 3,507 |
| 32. | -19.04% | Cedarville, NJ / 642 |
| 33. | -18.69% | Modena, PA / 496 |
| 34. | -18.30% | Smoketown, PA / 308 |
| 35. | -18.13% | Arcadia University, PA / 623 |
| 36. | -17.63% | Swartzville, PA / 2,032 |
| 37. | -17.61% | South Pottstown, PA / 1,759 |
| 38. | -17.60% | Rodney Village, DE / 1,320 |
| 39. | -17.23% | Ardencroft, DE / 221 |
| 40. | -16.42% | Schwenksville, PA / 1,415 |
| 41. | -14.17% | Delta, PA / 636 |
| 42. | -13.89% | Rothsville, PA / 2,598 |
| 43. | -13.86% | Salem, NJ / 5,045 |
| 44. | -13.46% | Victory Lakes, NJ / 1,833 |
| 45. | -13.17% | Fawn Grove, PA / 402 |
| 46. | -13.16% | Ronks, PA / 231 |
| 47. | -12.44% | Rutledge, PA / 753 |
| 48. | -12.39% | Magnolia, DE / 198 |
| 49. | -12.11% | Cochranville, PA / 646 |
| 50. | -11.79% | Quinton, NJ / 606 |
| 51. | -10.82% | Bowers, DE / 272 |
| 52. | -10.67% | Chesapeake City, MD / 703 |
| 53. | -10.37% | Betterton, MD / 337 |
| 54. | -10.30% | Edgemere, MD / 8,295 |
| 55. | -9.34% | Turnersville, NJ / 3,506 |
| 56. | -9.07% | Houston, DE / 391 |
| 57. | -8.89% | Oak Valley, NJ / 3,414 |
| 58. | -8.77% | Folsom, NJ / 1,799 |
| 59. | -8.72% | Christiana, PA / 1,026 |
| 60. | -8.72% | Wenonah, NJ / 2,115 |
| 61. | -8.58% | West Conshohocken, PA / 1,322 |
| 62. | -8.43% | Lincoln University, PA / 1,771 |
| 63. | -8.41% | Kirkwood, PA / 305 |
| 64. | -8.25% | Brookside, DE / 13,585 |
| 65. | -8.21% | Belleplain, NJ / 559 |
| 66. | -7.84% | Trainer, PA / 1,752 |
| 67. | -7.82% | Pike Creek Valley, DE / 10,509 |
| 68. | -7.73% | Chester, PA / 34,007 |
| 69. | -7.59% | Soudersburg, PA / 487 |
| 70. | -7.51% | North Star, DE / 7,655 |
| 71. | -7.36% | Berwyn, PA / 3,222 |
| 72. | -7.13% | Glendora, NJ / 4,557 |
| 73. | -6.64% | Broomall, PA / 10,312 |
| 74. | -6.25% | Rose Valley, PA / 885 |
| 75. | -6.09% | Boothwyn, PA / 4,889 |
| 76. | -5.83% | National Park, NJ / 3,018 |
| 77. | -5.74% | Village Green-Green Ridge, PA / 7,804 |
| 78. | -5.47% | Port Deposit, MD / 639 |
| 79. | -5.41% | Blue Bell, PA / 6,049 |
| 80. | -5.41% | Gibraltar, PA / 560 |
| 81. | -5.37% | Fivepointville, PA / 1,181 |
| 82. | -5.27% | Westville, NJ / 4,263 |
| 83. | -5.20% | Folcroft, PA / 6,615 |
| 84. | -5.17% | Newport, DE / 1,064 |
| 85. | -4.63% | Audubon Park, NJ / 1,051 |
| 86. | -4.57% | Pine Hill, NJ / 10,383 |
| 87. | -4.56% | Audubon, NJ / 8,763 |
| 88. | -4.56% | Gibbsboro, NJ / 2,324 |
| 89. | -4.36% | Gibbstown, NJ / 3,594 |
| 90. | -4.36% | Glenolden, PA / 7,150 |
| 91. | -4.35% | Essex, MD / 37,380 |
| 92. | -3.99% | Pitman, NJ / 8,959 |
| 93. | -3.96% | Oaklyn, NJ / 4,022 |
| 94. | -3.91% | Maple Glen, PA / 6,767 |
| 95. | -3.87% | Gordonville, PA / 671 |
| 96. | -3.86% | Lansdowne, PA / 10,618 |
| 97. | -3.79% | Glenside, PA / 7,614 |
| 98. | -3.77% | Stratford, NJ / 6,997 |
| 99. | -3.75% | Drexel Hill, PA / 28,262 |
| 100. | -3.67% | Ardentown, DE / 289 |
| 101. | -3.47% | Media, PA / 5,341 |
| 102. | -3.45% | Aldan, PA / 4,164 |
| 103. | -3.44% | North Wales, PA / 3,227 |
| 104. | -3.40% | Georgetown CDP, PA / 965 |
| 105. | -3.31% | Parkside, PA / 2,192 |
| 106. | -3.27% | Camden, NJ / 77,294 |
| 107. | -3.18% | Springfield, PA / 22,923 |
| 108. | -3.18% | Trooper, PA / 5,868 |
| 109. | -3.07% | Chesterbrook, PA / 4,483 |
| 110. | -3.05% | Laurel Springs, NJ / 1,910 |
| 111. | -3.04% | Akron, PA / 3,923 |
| 112. | -2.77% | Collingswood, NJ / 13,929 |
| 113. | -2.58% | Wilmington Manor, DE / 8,049 |
| 114. | -2.54% | Barrington, NJ / 6,904 |
| 115. | -2.43% | Ridley Park, PA / 7,021 |
| 116. | -2.37% | Amity Gardens, PA / 3,290 |
| 117. | -2.19% | Rosedale, MD / 18,779 |
| 118. | -2.18% | Yeadon, PA / 11,506 |
| 119. | -2.03% | Woodbury, NJ / 10,098 |
| 120. | -1.97% | Greenville, DE / 2,286 |
| 121. | -1.97% | Prospect Park borough, PA / 6,464 |
| 122. | -1.93% | Paulsboro, NJ / 6,041 |
| 123. | -1.93% | Wilmington, DE / 71,263 |
| 124. | -1.81% | Magnolia, NJ / 4,329 |
| 125. | -1.81% | Clifton Heights, PA / 6,656 |
| 126. | -1.73% | Lionville, PA / 6,189 |
| 127. | -1.66% | Morton, PA / 2,670 |
| 128. | -1.62% | Haddon Heights, NJ / 7,425 |
| 129. | -1.61% | Pennsauken, NJ / 35,160 |
| 130. | -1.56% | Woodside East, DE / 2,140 |
| 131. | -1.47% | Norwood, PA / 5,897 |
| 132. | -1.42% | Glassboro, NJ / 18,798 |
| 133. | -1.37% | Ashland, NJ / 8,260 |
| 134. | -1.36% | Rock Hall, MD / 1,377 |
| 135. | -1.18% | Haddonfield, NJ / 11,521 |
| 136. | -1.15% | Runnemede, NJ / 8,435 |
| 137. | -1.00% | Blackwood, NJ / 4,645 |
| 138. | -0.93% | Rockledge, PA / 2,553 |
| 139. | -0.83% | Jenkintown, PA / 4,441 |
| 140. | -0.80% | Gloucester City, NJ / 11,392 |
| 141. | -0.72% | Hampton, MD / 4,968 |
| 142. | -0.65% | Elmer, NJ / 1,375 |
| 143. | -0.52% | Pottsgrove, PA / 3,249 |
| 144. | -0.39% | Paradise, PA / 1,024 |
| 145. | -0.30% | Willow Grove, PA / 16,185 |
| 146. | -0.28% | Clementon, NJ / 4,972 |
| 147. | -0.25% | Carney, MD / 28,194 |
| 148. | -0.19% | Dundalk, MD / 62,186 |
| 149. | -0.12% | Dover Base Housing, DE / 3,390 |
| 150. | -0.07% | Ramblewood, NJ / 5,999 |
| 151. | -0.06% | Greentree, NJ / 11,529 |
| 152. | -0.05% | Springdale, NJ / 14,402 |
| 153. | 0.05% | Merchantville, NJ / 3,803 |
| 154. | 0.21% | Olivet, NJ / 1,423 |
| 155. | 0.24% | Claymont, DE / 9,242 |
| 156. | 0.25% | Riverton, NJ / 2,766 |
| 157. | 0.40% | Overlea, MD / 12,197 |
| 158. | 0.45% | Swarthmore, PA / 6,198 |
| 159. | 0.56% | Lindenwold, NJ / 17,512 |
| 160. | 0.59% | Linwood, PA / 3,394 |
| 161. | 0.70% | Thorndale, PA / 3,586 |
| 162. | 0.75% | Brookhaven, PA / 8,045 |
| 163. | 0.76% | Perry Hall, MD / 28,924 |
| 164. | 0.86% | Ambler, PA / 6,481 |
| 165. | 0.89% | Barclay, NJ / 4,321 |
| 166. | 0.95% | Woodlyn, PA / 10,131 |
| 167. | 0.95% | Beckett, NJ / 4,771 |
| 168. | 0.97% | Spring City, PA / 3,337 |
| 169. | 1.04% | Somerdale, NJ / 5,246 |
| 170. | 1.09% | Baumstown, PA / 465 |
| 171. | 1.21% | East Petersburg, PA / 4,504 |
| 172. | 1.23% | Laurel Lake, NJ / 2,965 |
| 173. | 1.32% | Collingdale, PA / 8,778 |
| 174. | 1.33% | Ridgely, MD / 1,370 |
| 175. | 1.34% | Marlton, NJ / 10,397 |
| 176. | 1.34% | Woodbury Heights, NJ / 3,028 |
| 177. | 1.43% | Wyndmoor, PA / 5,681 |
| 178. | 1.46% | Narberth, PA / 4,295 |
| 179. | 1.54% | Strasburg, PA / 2,843 |
| 180. | 1.57% | Parkville, MD / 31,606 |
| 181. | 1.59% | Bel Air town, MD / 10,240 |
| 182. | 1.62% | Edgemoor, DE / 6,089 |
| 183. | 1.66% | Bowleys Quarters, MD / 6,419 |
| 184. | 1.78% | Pennsville, NJ / 11,864 |
| 185. | 1.86% | Birdsboro, PA / 5,158 |
| 186. | 1.94% | Philadelphia, PA / 1,546,920 |
| 187. | 1.99% | Ardmore, PA / 12,867 |
| 188. | 2.11% | Kenton, DE / 242 |
| 189. | 2.29% | Plymouth Meeting, PA / 5,721 |
| 190. | 2.39% | Ephrata, PA / 13,529 |
| 191. | 2.45% | Bellmawr, NJ / 11,538 |
| 192. | 2.60% | Folsom, PA / 8,282 |
| 193. | 2.85% | Flourtown, PA / 4,802 |
| 194. | 3.02% | Pottstown, PA / 22,519 |
| 195. | 3.13% | Willow Street, PA / 7,485 |
| 196. | 3.25% | East Lansdowne, PA / 2,670 |
| 197. | 3.51% | Chester Heights, PA / 2,568 |
| 198. | 3.52% | Paoli, PA / 5,616 |
| 199. | 3.62% | Conshohocken, PA / 7,864 |
| 200. | 3.63% | Colwyn, PA / 2,542 |
| 201. | 3.75% | Echelon, NJ / 10,831 |
| 202. | 3.79% | Darby, PA / 10,689 |
| 203. | 3.87% | Mount Ephraim, NJ / 4,669 |
| 204. | 3.92% | Malvern, PA / 3,179 |
| 205. | 3.96% | Palmyra, NJ / 7,372 |
| 206. | 3.97% | Sharon Hill, PA / 5,685 |
| 207. | 4.01% | Penns Grove, NJ / 5,082 |
| 208. | 4.02% | Newfield, NJ / 1,681 |
| 209. | 4.16% | Moorestown-Lenola, NJ / 14,436 |
| 210. | 4.34% | Oreland, PA / 5,748 |
| 211. | 4.37% | Ellisburg, NJ / 4,684 |
| 212. | 4.37% | Downingtown, PA / 7,921 |
| 213. | 4.45% | Port Norris, NJ / 1,574 |
| 214. | 4.62% | Bridgeport, PA / 4,573 |
| 215. | 4.88% | Perryman, MD / 2,581 |
| 216. | 4.95% | Kulpsville, PA / 8,401 |
| 217. | 5.01% | Marcus Hook, PA / 2,430 |
| 218. | 5.02% | Stowe, PA / 3,765 |
| 219. | 5.08% | Spring Mount, PA / 2,317 |
| 220. | 5.12% | Sudlersville, MD / 411 |
| 221. | 5.12% | Carneys Point, NJ / 7,268 |
| 222. | 5.19% | Timonium, MD / 10,280 |
| 223. | 5.32% | Eddystone, PA / 2,572 |
| 224. | 5.33% | Richwood, NJ / 3,104 |
| 225. | 5.36% | Lancaster, PA / 59,368 |
| 226. | 5.38% | Cherry Hill Mall, NJ / 13,950 |
| 227. | 5.57% | Hockessin, DE / 13,620 |
| 228. | 5.59% | West Chester, PA / 18,860 |
| 229. | 5.60% | Churchtown, PA / 434 |
| 230. | 5.65% | Lampeter, PA / 1,628 |
| 231. | 5.85% | Bowmansville, PA / 2,170 |
| 232. | 6.02% | Elsmere, DE / 6,149 |
| 233. | 6.19% | New Holland, PA / 5,407 |
| 234. | 6.29% | Kingsville, MD / 4,479 |
| 235. | 6.29% | Wood-Lynne, NJ / 2,972 |
| 236. | 6.48% | Charlestown, MD / 1,085 |
| 237. | 6.54% | Millville, NJ / 28,603 |
| 238. | 6.57% | Kingston Estates, NJ / 6,161 |
| 239. | 6.65% | Penn Wynne, PA / 5,740 |
| 240. | 6.84% | Golden Triangle, NJ / 3,751 |
| 241. | 6.95% | Eagleville CDP, PA / 4,768 |
| 242. | 7.02% | Millersville, PA / 8,320 |
| 243. | 7.46% | Fallston, MD / 9,056 |
| 244. | 7.61% | King Of Prussia, PA / 19,919 |
| 245. | 7.69% | West Grove, PA / 2,856 |
| 246. | 7.80% | Parkesburg, PA / 3,636 |
| 247. | 8.01% | Exton, PA / 4,609 |
| 248. | 8.21% | Little Creek, DE / 211 |
| 249. | 8.38% | Vineland, NJ / 60,985 |
| 250. | 8.43% | Shiloh, NJ / 579 |
| 251. | 8.43% | Lawnside, NJ / 2,919 |
| 252. | 8.57% | Wyncote, PA / 3,307 |
| 253. | 8.68% | Witmer, PA / 626 |
| 254. | 8.86% | Arden, DE / 516 |
| 255. | 8.89% | Leola, PA / 7,214 |
| 256. | 9.10% | Upland, PA / 3,248 |
| 257. | 9.36% | Aberdeen, MD / 15,137 |
| 258. | 9.37% | Rosenhayn, NJ / 1,202 |
| 259. | 9.95% | New Castle, DE / 5,346 |
| 260. | 10.01% | Chestertown, MD / 5,221 |
| 261. | 10.06% | Trappe, PA / 3,533 |
| 262. | 10.14% | Norristown, PA / 34,454 |
| 263. | 10.20% | Chesilhurst, NJ / 1,675 |
| 264. | 10.24% | Darlington, MD / 495 |
| 265. | 10.90% | Bridgeton, NJ / 25,252 |
| 266. | 10.95% | Sanatoga, PA / 8,581 |
| 267. | 11.24% | Middle River, MD / 26,652 |
| 268. | 11.51% | Woodstown, NJ / 3,497 |
| 269. | 11.64% | Spring House, PA / 3,673 |
| 270. | 11.67% | Kent Acres, DE / 1,828 |
| 271. | 11.67% | Queenstown, MD / 689 |
| 272. | 11.78% | Phoenixville, PA / 16,530 |
| 273. | 11.88% | Terre Hill, PA / 1,384 |
| 274. | 12.09% | Bellefonte, DE / 1,400 |
| 275. | 12.16% | Bear, DE / 19,732 |
| 276. | 12.32% | Reamstown, PA / 3,929 |
| 277. | 12.44% | Royersford, PA / 4,774 |
| 278. | 13.07% | Newark, DE / 32,278 |
| 279. | 13.26% | Edgewood, MD / 26,479 |
| 280. | 13.67% | Joppatowne, MD / 12,948 |
| 281. | 13.70% | Haverford College, PA / 1,311 |
| 282. | 13.98% | White Marsh, MD / 9,671 |
| 283. | 14.10% | Viola, DE / 178 |
| 284. | 14.36% | Kingstown, MD / 1,880 |
| 285. | 14.60% | Dover, DE / 36,826 |
| 286. | 14.78% | Harrington, DE / 3,643 |
| 287. | 15.21% | Clayton, NJ / 8,225 |
| 288. | 15.48% | Fairlee, MD / 276 |
| 289. | 15.93% | Devon, PA / 1,790 |
| 290. | 16.12% | Kennett Square, PA / 6,123 |
| 291. | 16.53% | Glasgow, DE / 14,962 |
| 292. | 16.60% | Cross Roads, PA / 604 |
| 293. | 16.68% | Riverside, MD / 7,150 |
| 294. | 16.92% | Eagleview, PA / 2,052 |
| 295. | 17.25% | Highland Acres, DE / 3,962 |
| 296. | 17.33% | Farmington, DE / 88 |
| 297. | 17.38% | Bel Air South, MD / 46,614 |
| 298. | 17.89% | Kenilworth, PA / 1,858 |
| 299. | 17.91% | Havre De Grace, MD / 13,360 |
| 300. | 18.19% | Oxford, PA / 5,100 |
| 301. | 19.23% | Bel Air North, MD / 30,758 |
| 302. | 19.36% | Buena, NJ / 4,623 |
| 303. | 19.58% | Perryville, MD / 4,391 |
| 304. | 20.45% | Pleasant Hills, MD / 3,434 |
| 305. | 20.82% | Brownstown CDP, PA / 2,559 |
| 306. | 20.93% | Wakefield, PA / 757 |
| 307. | 21.15% | Coatesville, PA / 13,130 |
| 308. | 21.58% | Stewartstown, PA / 2,130 |
| 309. | 22.04% | Gap, PA / 1,966 |
| 310. | 23.39% | Berlin, NJ / 7,587 |
| 311. | 23.54% | Cheyney University, PA / 929 |
| 312. | 23.66% | Jarrettsville, MD / 3,408 |
| 313. | 23.83% | Atglen, PA / 1,507 |
| 314. | 25.17% | Marydel, MD / 184 |
| 315. | 27.83% | Swedesboro, NJ / 2,627 |
| 316. | 27.87% | Delaware City, DE / 1,858 |
| 317. | 28.32% | Caln, PA / 1,441 |
| 318. | 29.19% | Lorane, PA / 3,868 |
| 319. | 29.53% | Audubon, PA / 8,483 |
| 320. | 30.59% | Williamstown, NJ / 15,425 |
| 321. | 30.61% | Honey Brook, PA / 1,681 |
| 322. | 31.29% | Pylesville, MD / 772 |
| 323. | 31.40% | Felton, PA / 590 |
| 324. | 31.65% | Kennedyville, MD / 208 |
| 325. | 31.78% | Elkton, MD / 15,673 |
| 326. | 32.15% | Quarryville, PA / 2,635 |
| 327. | 32.85% | Rossville, MD / 15,298 |
| 328. | 33.47% | Skippack, PA / 3,856 |
| 329. | 34.16% | Intercourse, PA / 1,300 |
| 330. | 34.50% | Greensboro, MD / 2,195 |
| 331. | 35.17% | Morgantown, PA / 1,199 |
| 332. | 35.24% | North East, MD / 3,696 |
| 333. | 36.18% | Susquehanna Trails, PA / 2,906 |
| 334. | 36.90% | Millbourne, PA / 1,291 |
| 335. | 38.89% | Elverson, PA / 1,332 |
| 336. | 39.57% | Blue Ball, PA / 1,097 |
| 337. | 42.41% | Cecilton, MD / 675 |
| 338. | 42.68% | Wyoming, DE / 1,628 |
| 339. | 43.23% | Avondale, PA / 1,587 |
| 340. | 44.06% | Adamstown, PA / 1,733 |
| 341. | 44.81% | Alleghenyville, PA / 1,199 |
| 342. | 45.60% | Toughkenamon, PA / 2,002 |
| 343. | 45.63% | West Denton, MD / 150 |
| 344. | 46.34% | Rising Sun-Lebanon, DE / 3,597 |
| 345. | 46.79% | Milford, DE / 9,882 |
| 346. | 47.33% | Denton, MD / 4,361 |
| 347. | 48.89% | Evansburg, PA / 2,287 |
| 348. | 51.60% | Alloway, NJ / 1,710 |
| 349. | 52.69% | Fort Washington, PA / 5,619 |
| 350. | 57.14% | New Morgan, PA / 55 |
| 351. | 58.17% | Millington, MD / 658 |
| 352. | 58.58% | South Coatesville, PA / 1,581 |
| 353. | 60.23% | Queen Anne town, MD / 282 |
| 354. | 61.11% | Bird In Hand, PA / 493 |
| 355. | 64.34% | Halfway House, PA / 2,996 |
| 356. | 66.86% | Camden, DE / 3,504 |
| 357. | 67.44% | Frederica, DE / 1,085 |
| 358. | 67.80% | Henderson, MD / 198 |
| 359. | 68.63% | Rising Sun, MD / 2,870 |
| 360. | 74.42% | Riverview, DE / 2,761 |
| 361. | 79.62% | Church Hill, MD / 952 |
| 362. | 88.08% | Smyrna, DE / 10,681 |
| 363. | 92.06% | Galena, MD / 822 |
| 364. | 93.75% | Felton, DE / 1,519 |
| 365. | 115.56% | Goodville, PA / 554 |
| 366. | 118.75% | Templeville, MD / 175 |
| 367. | 119.52% | Westwood, PA / 1,282 |
| 368. | 120.65% | Flying Hills, PA / 2,628 |
| 369. | 124.83% | Odessa, DE / 643 |
| 370. | 125.94% | Centreville, MD / 4,451 |
| 371. | 134.80% | Clayton, DE / 2,989 |
| 372. | 167.61% | Mullica Hill, NJ / 4,437 |
| 373. | 216.00% | Middletown, DE / 19,469 |
| 374. | 225.31% | Douglassville, PA / 784 |
| 375. | 317.57% | Cheswold, DE / 1,307 |
| 376. | 638.73% | Townsend, DE / 2,556 |
Please note that we only rank locations with 'Population Growth Rate' data. The rank above might not be a complete list. Locations without 'Population Growth Rate' data are not listed.